8/17/2023 0 Comments Define precipitate chemistry termsIt is a type of single immunodiffusion method, which occurs in one dimension. The precipitation reaction by immunodiffusion includes four methods that are explained below: Oudin Immunodiffusion Method Double dimension diffusion consists of the diffusion of both antigen and antibody on the solid agar media. One dimension diffusion involves the diffusion of either antigen or antibody on the agar gel. Single and double diffusion can occur both in one dimension and double dimension. In agar, diffusion takes place by either of the two ways: The preferred concentration of agar is between 0.3-1.5 percent for the effective diffusion of the reactants to form a lattice. Interaction between gel matrix and reactants. ![]() Immunodiffusion takes place through the intervening agar media whose rate is influenced or affected by the following factors like: In this type, the precipitation method is performed in the ordinary media like nutrient agar media. The example of tube flocculation tests is RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin) and VDRL (Venereal Disease Research Laboratory) test. Tube flocculation test: In this, the procedure is the same as slide flocculation test, but the only difference is that it is performed in a test tube instead of slide.If clumping between antigen and antibody occurs, the slide test will give a positive result and vice versa. Then over the antiserum, a drop of test antigen is added, followed by thorough mixing. Slide flocculation test: In slide test first, the drop of antiserum is added onto the clean glass slide. ![]() This test can be performed in either of the two ways: Then, over incubation of the reactants, the precipitation reaction occurs between antigen and antibody and a white precipitate forms at the junction. After that, test antigen is added to the solution. In the ring test, the antibodies which are present in the serum is first taken in the test tube. It consists of two methods, namely a ring and flocculation test. In this type, the precipitation method is performed in the liquid media or solution. The least soluble antigens and antibodies form a complex at the point of equivalence, whereas the free antigens and antibodies remain as the supernatant.īased on the type of matrix, the methods of precipitation reaction include: In the equivalence zone, cross-linkage occurs between the reactants that result in the formation of the antigen-antibody complex as a visible ring or line of a precipitate. At the equivalence region, the ratio of both antigen and antibody is equal, which brings out the formation of lattice or cross-linked structure.
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